Biostatistics 101: Perspective on Statistics in Ophthalmology

Biostatistics 101: data presentation.

Correspondence to: Y H Chan Tel: (65) 6317 2121 Fax: (65) 6317 2122 Email: chanyh@ cteru.gov.sg INTRODUCTION Now we are at the last stage of the research process: Statistical Analysis & Reporting. In this article, we will discuss how to present the collected data and the forthcoming write-ups will highlight on the appropriate statistical tests to be applied. The terms Sample & Population; Param...

Introduction to biostatistics: Part 2, Descriptive statistics.

Descriptive statistics include measures of central tendency and variability. Measures of central tendency include mean, median, and mode. The mean is the arithmetic average of data from interval or ratio scales. The median reflects the 50th percentile score. The mode is the most frequently occurring value of a data distribution. Measures of variability include range, interquartile range, standa...

Application of advanced statistics in ophthalmology.

Statistics is an integral part of research in ophthalmology. The application of appropriate statistical strategies allows clinicians to realize the full potential in analyzing data from paired ocular measurements, longitudinal design, and genome-wide association study (GWAS). The increasing popularity of longitudinal follow-up in either clinical or epidemiologic study demands advanced statistic...

Biostatistics Series Module 7: The Statistics of Diagnostic Tests

Crucial therapeutic decisions are based on diagnostic tests. Therefore, it is important to evaluate such tests before adopting them for routine use. Although things such as blood tests, cultures, biopsies, and radiological imaging are obvious diagnostic tests, it is not to be forgotten that specific clinical examination procedures, scoring systems based on physiological or psychological evaluat...

European ophthalmology from a British perspective.